Protein^®

Vernor Vinge's "Rainbows End" science-fiction novel portrays a world in 2025 when the Singularity seems near, based on intelligence amplification (IA), in which humans get steadily smarter by pooling their knowledge with one another and with computers, possibly even wiring the machines directly into their brains.

The alternative to IA, he figures, could be the triumph of AI that far surpasses the human variety. If that happens, Dr. Vinge says, the superintelligent machines will not content themselves with working for their human masters, nor will they remain securely confined in laboratories.

Also see: How to Get Smarter

(Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/26/science/26tier.html?_r=1&ref=science&oref=slogin)